A list of mostly asked software testing interview
questions or QTP training interview
questions and answers are given below;
1.What is PDCA cycle and where testing fits in?
There
are four steps in a normal software development process. In short, these steps
are referred as PDCA.
PDCA
stands for plan, do, check, and act.
Plan: It defines the goal and
the plan for achieving that goal.
Do/ Execute: It depends on the
plan strategy decided during the plan stage. It is done according to this
phase.
Check: This is the testing part
of the software development phase. It is used to ensure that we are moving
according to plan and getting the desired result.
Act: This step is used to solve
if there any issue is occurred during the check cycle. It takes appropriate
action accordingly and revises the plan again.
The
developers do the "planning and building" of the project while
testers do the "check" part of the project.
2.What is white box, black box and gray box
testing?
Black box Testing: The strategy
of black box testing is based on requirements and specification. It requires no
need of knowledge of internal path, structure or implementation of the software
being tested.
White box Testing: White box
testing is based on internal paths, code structure, and implementation of the
software being tested. It requires a full and detail programming skill.
Gray box Testing: This is
another type of testing in which we look into the box which is being tested; It
is done only to understand how it has been implemented. After that we close the
box and use the black box testing.
3.What are the types of defects?
There
are three types of defects: Wrong, missing and extra.
Wrong: These defects are
occurred due to requirements have been implemented incorrectly.
Missing: It is used to specify
the missing things i.e. a specification was not implemented, or the requirement
of the customer was not noted properly.
Extra: This is an extra
facility incorporated into the product that was not given by the end customer.
It is always a variance from the specification but may be an attribute that was
desired by the customer. However, it is considered as a defect because the
variance from the user requirements.
4.What is exploratory testing?
Simultaneous
test design and execution against an application is called exploratory testing.
In this testing the tester uses his domain knowledge and testing experience to
predict where and under what conditions the system might behave unexpectedly.
5.When should exploratory testing be
performed?
Exploratory
testing is performed as a final check before the software is released. It is a complimentary activity to automated regression testing.
6.Compare software testing Vs. debugging?
7.Explain monkey testing?
A
technique of software testing where the application is tested by ingesting
inputs randomly. This test does not follow any pre-defined set of rules. It is
carried out to check the behaviour of the application.
8.What is the difference between baseline and
benchmark testing?
While
Baseline testing runs a set of tests to determine the performance, Benchmark
testing compares the application performance with industry standards. Baseline
testing strives to improve performance with the help of collected information;
on the other hand, benchmark testing seeks to improve application performance
by matching it with benchmarks.
9.Explain bug life cycle?
- When a tester finds a bug, the bug is assigned NEW or OPEN with status.
- The bug is assigned to Development Project Managers who will analyze the bug. They will check whether it is a valid defect. If not valid, the bug is rejected, and its new status is REJECTED.
- Now, the tester checks whether the similar defect was raised earlier. If yes, the defect is assigned a status ‘DUPLICATE’
- Once the bug is fixed, the defect is assigned a status ‘FIXED’
- Next the tester will re-test the code. In case, the test case passes, the defect is CLOSED
- If test case fails again, the bug is RE-OPENED and assigned to the developer.
JMeter
comes with a synchronizing timer which can handle the requests of multiple
threads. It is able to get the required number of threads and release them at
once to cause a spike.
11.What is silk test?
Silk
Test is a tool developed for performing regression and functionality testing of
the application. Silk Test is a tool, used when we are testing the applications
based on Windows, Java, Web or traditional client/server. Silk Test helps in
preparing the test plan and managing of those test plans to provide direct
access to the database and field validation.
12.What is risk based testing?
Risk
based testing is the term used for an approach to create a test strategy that
is based on prioritizing tests by risk. The basis of the approach is a detailed
risk analysis and prioritizing of risks by risk level. Tests to address each
risk are then specified, starting with the highest risk first.
13.What is the key difference between
preventative and reactive approaches to testing?
Preventative
tests are designed early; reactive tests are designed after the software has
been produced.
14.What is the purpose of exit criteria?
The
purpose of exit criteria is to define when a test level is completed.
15.What determines the level of risk?
The
likelihood of an adverse event and the impact of the event determine the level
of risk.
16.When decision table testing is used?
Decision
table testing is used for testing systems for which the specification takes the
form of rules or cause-effect combinations. In a decision table the inputs are
listed in a column, with the outputs in the same column but below the inputs.
The remainder of the table explores combinations of inputs to define the
outputs produced.
17.What is the MAIN objective when
reviewing a software deliverable?
To
identify defects in any software work product.
18.What is API (Application Programming
interface)?
Application
Programming Interface is a formalized set of software calls and routines that
can be referenced by an application program in order to access supporting
system or network services.
19.What do you mean by automated testing?
Testing
by using software tools which execute test without manual intervention is known
as automated testing. Automated testing can be used in GUI, performance, API
etc.
20.What is baseline testing?
In
Baseline testing, a set of tests is run to capture performance information.
Baseline testing improves performance and capabilities of the application by
using the information collected and make the changes in the application.
Baseline compares present performance of application with its own previous
performance.
21.What is elementary process?
Software
applications are made up of several elementary processes. There are two types
of elementary processes:
- Dynamic elementary Process: The dynamic elementary involves process of moving data from one location to another. The location can be either within the application or outside it.
- Static elementary Process: It involves maintaining the data of the application.
Test
Fusion report displays different aspects of the test run, soon after the tester
runs a test. The Test Fusion report is used to display all the aspects of test
run, it specifies where the application failures occurred, the test data used,
and the detailed explanation of every checkpoint stating pass or failure and
the application screen shots of every step by highlighting the discrepancies.
Test
Fusion Report is a compilation of the entire testing process. It includes an
overview of where the failures occurred, the test data that was used in
testing, screen shots to support inconsistencies and detailed view of
checkpoints.
23.What is the difference between testing
techniques and testing tools?
Testing
technique: – Is a process for ensuring that some aspects of the application
system or unit functions properly there may be few techniques but many tools.
Testing
Tools: – Is a vehicle for performing a test process. The tool is a resource to
the tester, but it is insufficient to conduct testing.
24.What is the difference between
verification and validation?
Difference
between verification and validation:
25.What is the difference between retesting
and regression testing?
A
list of differences between Retesting and Regression Testing:
- Retesting is done to verify defect in previous and fix them to work correctly, on the other hand, regression testing is performed to check if the defect fix have not impacted other functionality that was working fine before doing changes in the code.
- Retesting is specific and it is performed on the bug which is fixed where as in regression is not be always specific to any defect fix it is performed when any bug is fixed.
- Retesting concern with executing those test cases that are failed earlier where as regression concern with executing test cases that was passed in earlier builds.
- Retesting has higher priority over regression testing.
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Great informative blog! I am doing qa training so it is really helpful for me! Thanks for sharing these questions! :)
ReplyDeleteWell written content about software testing. It's very informative post and very useful one. Most of the digital assurance services providers will change their process with AI. Waiting for your upcoming post.
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