QA/QTP Testing e-Learning | What is Software Testing and Different Types of Testing

This section describes the different types of testing that may be used to test software during SDLC.

Manual Testing

Manual testing includes testing a software manually, i.e., without using any automated tool or any script. In this type, the tester takes over the role of an end-user and tests the software to identify any unexpected behaviour or bug. There are different stages for manual testing such as unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and user acceptance testing.

Testers use test plans, test cases, or test scenarios to test software to ensure the completeness of testing. Manual testing also includes exploratory testing, as testers explore the software to identify errors in it.

Automation Testing

Automation testing, which is also known as Test Automation, is when the tester writes scripts and 

uses another software to test the product. This process involves automation of a manual process. Automation Testing is used to re-run the test scenarios that were performed manually, quickly, and repeatedly. Learn QA/QTP testing training with practical teaching methodologies from Learn IT Training.

Apart from regression testing, automation testing is also used to test the application from load, performance, and stress point of view. It increases the test coverage, improves accuracy, and saves time and money in comparison to manual testing. Selenium is advanced tool to automate testing learn concepts from Selenium training, see for details.

What is Automate?

It is not possible to automate everything in software. The areas at which a user can make transactions such as the login form or registration forms, any area where large number of users can access the software simultaneously should be automated.

Furthermore, all GUI items, connections with databases, field validations, etc. can be efficiently tested by automating the manual process.

When to automate?

Test Automation should be used by considering the following aspects of software:

• Large and critical projects
• Projects that require testing the same areas frequently
• Requirements not changing frequently
• Accessing the application for load and performance with many virtual users
• Stable software with respect to manual testing
• Availability of time

How to automate?

Automation is done by using a supportive computer language like VB scripting and an automated software application. There are many tools available that can be used to write automation scripts. Before mentioning the tools, let us identify the process that can be used to automate the testing process:

• Identifying areas within a software for automation
• Selection of appropriate tool for test automation
• Writing test scripts
• Development of test suits
• Execution of scripts
• Create result reports
• Identify any potential bug or performance issues

Software testing tools

The following tools can be used for automation testing:

• HP Quick Test Professional
• Selenium
• IBM Rational Functional Tester
• SilkTest
• TestComplete
• Testing Anywhere
• WinRunner and load runner
• Visual Studio Test Professional
• WATIR

Types of testing

There are many types of testing like:

Unit testing: Unit testing is the testing of an individual unit or group of related units. It falls under the class of white box testing. It is often done by the programmer to test that the unit he/she has implemented is producing expected output against given input.

Integration testing: Integration testing is testing in which a group of components are combined to produce output. Also, the interaction between software and hardware is tested in integration testing if software and hardware components have any relation. It may fall under both white box testing and black box testing. 

Functional testing: Functional testing is the testing to ensure that the specified functionality required in the system requirements works. It falls under the class of black box testing.

System testing: System testing is the testing to ensure that by putting the software in different environments (e.g., Operating Systems) it still works. System testing is done with full system implementation and environment. It falls under the class of black box testing.

Stress testing: Stress testing is the testing to evaluate how system behaves under unfavourable conditions. Testing is conducted at beyond limits of the specifications. It falls under the class of black box testing. 

Performance testing: Performance testing is the testing to assess the speed and effectiveness of the system and to make sure it is generating results within a specified time as in performance requirements. It falls under the class of black box testing. 

Usability testing: Usability testing is performed to the perspective of the client, to evaluate how the GUI is user-friendly? How easily can the client learn? After learning how to use, how proficiently can the client perform? How pleasing is it to use its design? This falls under the class of black box testing.

Acceptance testing: Acceptance testing is often done by the customer to ensure that the delivered product meets the requirements and works as the customer expected. It falls under the class of black box testing.

Regression testing: Regression testing is the testing after modification of a system, component, or a group of related units to ensure that the modification is working correctly and is not damaging or imposing other modules to produce unexpected results. It falls under the class of black box testing.

Beta testing: Beta testing is the testing which is done by end users, a team outside development, or publicly releasing full pre-version of the product which is known as beta version. The aim of beta testing is to cover unexpected errors. It falls under the class of black box testing.

How to learn software testing?

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